What happened

An explosion and fire on the Kirkuk–Ceyhan crude pipeline near Pazarcık halted the principal export route carrying oil from the Kurdistan Region and Kirkuk to Turkey's Mediterranean terminal. Turkish operator BOTAŞ extinguished the fire, and exports resumed the following afternoon. Responsibility remains contested: the PKK-affiliated HBDH claimed that its militants used a special attack method against the pipeline, while the Kurdistan Region's natural-resources minister said the incident was not terrorism and resulted from an electrical failure. Public reporting reviewed here did not resolve the conflict between those accounts. No casualties were reported, and the short interruption did not cause a large sustained export loss.

When cited sources give different casualty, damage or spill figures for this event, they’re reported side by side above rather than merged into one number. See how confidence levels work.