What happened

A substation fault caused a power outage across the Rotterdam Europoort area, briefly halting bp's 400,000 bbl/d refinery — Europe's second largest — and disrupting VTTI's oil-storage terminal and the local rail network. Chemical companies flared off gas to prevent a build-up of explosive substances during the outage; the environmental regulator assessed the impact as low. Grid operator TenneT restored power the same morning. This was an operational disruption, not a fire or explosion.

When cited sources give different casualty, damage or spill figures for this event, they’re reported side by side above rather than merged into one number. See how confidence levels work.