What happened

Petroineos ceased crude oil processing at the 150,000 bbl/d Grangemouth refinery — Scotland's last — in April 2025, saying the aging plant was losing around $500,000 per day and could not compete with larger, more modern refineries in the Middle East, Africa and Asia. The site is being converted into a fuel import terminal, with the workforce cut from 475 to about 75; a bio-refinery is also under consideration. This was a voluntary commercial closure, not an incident or attack.

When cited sources give different casualty, damage or spill figures for this event, they’re reported side by side above rather than merged into one number. See how confidence levels work.