What happened

ENEOS ended refining at its 127,500 bbl/d Wakayama refinery, in operation since 1941, in October 2023, citing COVID-accelerated and structural declines in Japanese domestic fuel demand plus severe Asian refining competition. Most of the roughly 447 employees were transferred to other ENEOS plants; the company was considering solar or biomass power for the site. This was a voluntary commercial closure, not an incident or attack.

When cited sources give different casualty, damage or spill figures for this event, they’re reported side by side above rather than merged into one number. See how confidence levels work.